Quantum tunnelling
Türkçe: Kuantum tünelleme
The phenomenon in which electrons can probabilistically pass through a thin insulating barrier that classical physics says they could not cross.
// EXPLANATION
When the gate insulator of a transistor shrinks to a few atoms thick, electrons "tunnel" through it and leak; current flows even when the transistor is off. This leakage costs energy and creates heat, and is one of the fundamental physical limits to shrinking silicon.
// ALSO KNOWN AS
quantum tunnelingquantum tunnellingtunnelingtunnelling
// RELATED TERMS
TransistorThe semiconductor element that switches or amplifies current with a small voltage and is the basic building block of every digital chip.
GAAFET (gate-all-around)A next-generation transistor structure in which the gate surrounds the channel on all sides; the successor to FinFET, used in the 2 nm class.
Nanometre (process node)The name of a chip manufacturing technology (for example 3 nm, 2 nm); today it works more as a marketing label than a real length.
